Full Wave Rectifier and it's benefit over Half Wave Rectifier:
Although the half wave rectifier is used in some low power applications such as signal and peak detector, it is seldom used in power rectification. The most used rectifier in the power rectification field is the full wave rectifier.
The full wave rectifier is more complex than the half wave rectifier, but it offers some significant benefits. It uses both half cycles of the sine wave resulting in a DC output voltage that is higher than that of the half wave rectifier. Another advantage is that the output has much less ripples, which makes it easier to produce a smooth output waveform.
Circuit Diagram & operation of a Full Wave Rectifier:
To rectify both half cycles of a sine wave, the full-wave rectifier uses two diodes, one for each half of the cycle. It also uses a transformer with a center-tapped secondary winding.
The full-wave rectifier is like two back-to-back half-wave rectifiers. Following image shows a Full-wave rectifier circuit.
Consider the first half-cycle, when point A is positive with respect to C. At this time, D1 is forward biased and D2 is reverse biased. Therefore, only the top half of the transformer’s secondary winding carries current during this half-cycle. This produces a positive load voltage across the load resistor.
During the next half-cycle, the source voltage polarity reverses. Now, point B is positive with respect to C. This time, D2 is forward biased and D1 is reverse biased. As you can see, only the other half of the transformer’s secondary winding carry current. This also produces a positive load voltage across the load resistor as before.
As a result, the rectified load current flows during both half-cycles due to which we get Full-wave signal across the load.
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